The short answer
Traceability can be included in the production plan. Agree the serial number, the records to link and how your team will access them.
In more detail
Useful records may include assembly batch, firmware version, critical component batch and final functional results. The fields should support the questions your service team needs to answer.
The storage system, retention period and export format also need agreement. A serial number alone does not mean every production measurement is available indefinitely.